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Makassan contact with Australia
Makassan trepangers from the southwest corner of Sulawesi visited the coast of northern Australia "from at least the eighteenth century"〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Yolngu )〕 to collect and process ''trepang'' (also known as sea cucumber), a marine invertebrate prized for its culinary and medicinal values in Chinese markets. The term Makassan (or Macassan) is generally used to apply to all the trepangers who came to Australia, although some were from other islands in the Indonesian Archipelago, including Timor, Rote and Aru.
==Fishing and processing of Trepang==
The creature and the food product are commonly known as sea cucumber, bêche-de-mer in French, trepang (or trīpang) in Indonesian, gamat in Malaysian.〔Lovatelli, A.,(and others)(2004)''Advances in sea cucumber aquaculture and management.'' FAO fisheries technical paper, Number 463. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 978-92-5-105163-4.() Retrieved on 6 April 2012〕
''Trepang'' live on the sea floor and are exposed at low tide. Fishing was traditionally done by hand, spearing, diving or dredging. The catch was placed in boiling water before being dried and smoked, to preserve the ''trepang'' for the journey back to Makassar and other South East Asian markets. ''Trepang'' is still valued by Chinese communities for its jelly-like texture, its flavour-enhancing properties, and as a stimulant and aphrodisiac.〔Schwerdtner Máñez, K & Ferse,S.C.A. (2010) ''The History of Makassan Trepang Fishing and Trade.'' PLoS ONE 5(6) e11346. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011346 () Retrieved on 6 April 2012〕 Matthew Flinders made a contemporary record of how trepang was processed when he met a Makassan fleet in February 1803.〔Flinders, M.(1814) ''Voyage to Terra Australis'', Vol. 2, Chapter ix. G & W. Nicol, Pall Mall, London.(Facsimile Edition, 1966)() Retrieved on 6 April 2012〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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